Items created by Stec, Anna A

Article

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Purser, David A. and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2025) Grenfell Tower Fire: Firefighters’ Activities and Their Exposure to Fire Smoke and Heat. Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 67 (1). e1-e11. ISSN 1076-2752

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Purser, David A. and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2025) Grenfell Tower Fire: Toxic Effluents and Assessment of Firefighters’ Health Impacts. Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 67 (1). e12-e21. ISSN 1076-2752

Page, Jamie, Whaley, Paul, Bellingham, Michelle, Birnbaum, Linda S., Cavoski, Aleksandra, Fetherston Dilke, Delyth, Garside, Ruth, Harrad, Stuart, Kelly, Frank et al (2023) A new consensus on reconciling fire safety with environmental & health impacts of chemical flame retardants. Environment International . ISSN 0160-4120

Wolffe, Taylor A. M., Robinson, Andrew, Dickens, Kathryn ORCID: 0000-0003-0925-1538, Turrell, Louis, Clinton, Anna Elizabeth pauline, Maritan-Thomson, Daniella, Joshi, Miland ORCID: 0000-0001-7263-7252 and Stec, Anna A. ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2023) Cancer incidence amongst UK firefighters. Scientific Reports, 12 (1). ISSN 2045-2322

Wolffe, Taylor, Clinton, Anna Elizabeth pauline, Robinson, Andrew, Turrell, Louis and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2023) Contamination of UK firefighters personal protective equipment and workplaces. Scientific Reports, 13 (1). ISSN 2045-2322

Wolffe, Taylor A. M., Turrell, Louis, Robinson, Andrew, Dickens, Kathryn ORCID: 0000-0003-0925-1538, Clinton, Anna Elizabeth pauline, Maritan-Thomson, Daniella and Stec, Anna A. ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2023) Culture and awareness of occupational health risks amongst UK firefighters. Scientific Reports, 13 (1). ISSN 2045-2322

Wolffe, Taylor A. M., Robinson, Andrew, Clinton, Anna Elizabeth pauline, Turrell, Louis and Stec, Anna A. ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2023) Mental health of UK firefighters. Scientific Reports, 13 (1). ISSN 2045-2322

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Robinson, Andrew, Wolffe, Taylor A M and Bagkeris, E (2023) Scottish Firefighters Occupational Cancer and Disease Mortality Rates: 2000-2020. Occupational Medicine . ISSN 0962-7480

Harries, Megan E., Allen, David T., Adetona, Olorunfemi, Bell, Michelle L., Black, Marilyn S., Burgess, Jefferey L., Dryer, Frederick L., Holder, Amara L., Mascareñas, Ana et al (2022) A Research Agenda for the Chemistry of Fires at the Wildland–Urban Interface: A National Academies Consensus Report. Environmental Science & Technology . ISSN 0013-936X

Jones, Nicola ORCID: 0000-0002-1985-5266, Peck, Gabrielle, Mckenna, Sean Thomas, Glockling, Jim L.D., Harbottle, John, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2021) Burning behaviour of rainscreen façades. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 403 . p. 123894. ISSN 0304-3894

Peck, Gabrielle, Jones, Nicola ORCID: 0000-0002-1985-5266, Mckenna, Sean Thomas, Glockling, Jim L D, Harbottle, John, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2020) Smoke toxicity of rainscreen façades. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 403 . p. 123694. ISSN 0304-3894

Mckenna, Sean Thomas, Birtles, Robert, Dickens, Kathryn ORCID: 0000-0003-0925-1538, Walker, Richard, Spearpoint, Michael, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2019) Authors’ response to comments on “Flame retardants in UK furniture increase smoke toxicity more than they reduce fire growth rate". Chemosphere, 232 . pp. 512-515. ISSN 0045-6535

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Dickens, Kathryn ORCID: 0000-0003-0925-1538, Barnes, Jessica L.J and Bedford, Clare ORCID: 0000-0002-6897-3293 (2019) Environmental Contamination Following the Grenfell Tower Fire. Chemosphere, 226 . pp. 576-586. ISSN 0045-6535

Mckenna, Sean Thomas, Jones, Nicola, Peck, Gabrielle, Dickens, Kathryn ORCID: 0000-0003-0925-1538, Pawelec, Weronika, Oradei, Stefano, Harris, Stephen, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2019) Fire behaviour of modern façade materials – Understanding the Grenfell Tower fire. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 368 . pp. 115-123. ISSN 0304-3894

Bengtström, Linda, Salden, Mariëlle and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2018) Stability of Isocyanates Sampled in Fire Smokes. Annals of Work Exposures and Health, 62 (9). pp. 1171-1175. ISSN 2398-7316

Mckenna, Sean Thomas, Birtles, Robert, Dickens, Kathryn ORCID: 0000-0003-0925-1538, Walker, Richard George, Spearpoint, Michael J, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2018) Flame retardants in UK furniture increase smoke toxicity more than they reduce fire growth rate. Chemosphere, 196 . pp. 429-439. ISSN 0045-6535

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Dickens, Kathryn ORCID: 0000-0003-0925-1538, Salden, Marielle Louise, Hewitt, Fiona E., Watts, Damian P, Houldsworth, Philip Edwin ORCID: 0009-0009-8278-6679 and Martin, Francis L ORCID: 0000-0001-8562-4944 (2018) Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Elevated Cancer Incidence in Firefighters. Scientific Reports, 8 (1). p. 2476. ISSN 2045-2322

Giebułtowicz, Joanna, Rużycka, Monika, Wroczyński, Piotr, Purser, David A and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2017) Analysis of fire deaths in Poland and influence of smoke toxicity. Forensic Science International, 277 . pp. 77-87. ISSN 0379-0738

Crewe, Robert John, Lyons, Ashleigh G., Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2017) Asphyxiant yields from common polymers in under-ventilated fires in the large instrumented fire enclosure (LIFE). Fire Safety Journal, 91 . pp. 982-988. ISSN 0379-7112

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2017) Fire toxicity - The elephant in the room? Fire Safety Journal, 91 . pp. 79-90. ISSN 0379-7112

Hewitt, Fiona, Christou, Antonis, Dickens, Kathryn ORCID: 0000-0003-0925-1538, Walker, Richard and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2017) Release of volatile and semi-volatile toxicants during house fires. Chemosphere, 173 . pp. 580-593.

Zhang, Yan, Li, Xiaonan, Fang, Zhengping, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Kelarakis, Antonios ORCID: 0000-0002-8112-5176 and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2017) Mechanism of enhancement of intumescent fire retardancy by metal acetates in polypropylene. Polymer degredation and Stability, 136 . pp. 139-145. ISSN 0141-3910

Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Brein, Dieter and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2016) Quantification of toxic hazard from fires in buildings. Journal of Building Engineering, 8 . pp. 313-318.

Christou, Antonis, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Ahmed, Waqar ORCID: 0000-0003-4152-5172, Aschberger, Karin and Amenta, Valeria (2015) A review of exposure and toxicological aspects of carbon nanotubes, and as additives to fire retardants in polymers. Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 46 (1). pp. 74-95. ISSN 1040-8444

Zhang, Qiangjun, Zhan, Jing, Zhou, Keqing, Lu, Hongdian, Zeng, Wenru, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Hu, Yuan and Gui, Zhou (2015) The influence of carbon nanotubes on the combustion toxicity of PP/intumescent flame retardant composites. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 115 . pp. 38-44. ISSN 01413910

Xioanan, Ren, Zong, Ruowen, Hu, Yuan, Siuming, Lo, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2015) Numerical simulation of decomposition of Polymer Nano-composites: Investigation of the Influence of the Char Structure. Energy Procedia, 66 . pp. 165-168. ISSN 1876-6102

Jiang, Shu-Dong, Song, Lei, Zeng, Wen-Ru, Huang, Zheng-Qi, Zhan, Jing, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Hu, Yuan and Hu, Wei-Zhao (2015) Self-Assembly Fabrication of Hollow Mesoporous Silica@Co–Al Layered Double Hydroxide@Graphene and Application in Toxic Effluents Elimination. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 7 (16). pp. 8506-8514. ISSN 1944-8244

Zhang, Y, Liu, X, Cao, Z, Fang, Z, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2015) Synthesis of Zinc Phosphonated Poly(ethylene imine) and Its Fire-Retardant Effect in Low-Density Polyethylene. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 54 (13). pp. 3247-3256. ISSN 0888-5885

Hong, Ningning, Zhan, Jing, Wang, Xin, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Ge, Hua, Xing, Weiyi, Song, Lei and Hu, Yuan (2014) Enhanced mechanical, thermal and flame retardant properties by combining graphene nanosheets and metal hydroxide nanorods for Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Styrene copolymer composite. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 64 . pp. 203-210. ISSN 1359835X

Jiang, Shu-Dong, Bai, Zhi-Man, Tang, Gang, Song, Lei, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Zhan, Jing and Hu, Yuan (2014) Fabrication of Ce-doped MnO2 decorated graphene sheets for fire safety applications of epoxy composites: flame retardancy, smoke suppression and mechanism. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2 (41). pp. 17341-17351. ISSN 0959-9428

Molyneux, Shirley, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2014) The effect of gas phase flame retardants on fire effluent toxicity. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 106 . pp. 36-46. ISSN 0141-3910

Hu, Weizhao, Zhan, Jing, Hong, Ningning, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Song, Lei, Wang, Jian and Hu, Yuan (2014) Flame retardant polystyrene copolymers: preparation, thermal properties, and fire toxicities. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 25 (6). pp. 631-637. ISSN 1042-7147

Wu, Zhonggang, Yang, Lizhong, Zhan, Jing, Chen, Yanqiu, Zhou, Xiaodong, Hu, Yuqi, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2014) Experimental study on polystyrene with intumescent flame retardants from different scale experiments. Fire and Materials . n/a-n/a. ISSN 03080501

Hu, Weizhao, Zhan, Jing, Wang, Xin, Hong, Ningning, Wang, Bibo, Song, Lei, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Wang, Jian et al (2014) Effect of Functionalized Graphene Oxide with Hyper-Branched Flame Retardant on Flammability and Thermal Stability of Cross-Linked Polyethylene. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 53 (8). pp. 3073-3083. ISSN 0888-5885

Crewe, Robert John, Andrews, Stephen Paul ORCID: 0000-0003-0878-1182, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Birbeck, Paul N. and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2014) Combustion and Toxic Gas Production from Disposable Barbecues in Enclosures. Journal of Forensic Science, 59 (1). pp. 127-138. ISSN 0022-1198

Hong, Ningning, Song, Lei, Wang, Bibo, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Zhan, Jing and Hu, Yuan (2014) Co-precipitation synthesis of reduced graphene oxide/NiAl-layered double hydroxide hybrid and its application in flame retarding poly(methyl methacrylate). Materials Research Bulletin, 49 (1). pp. 657-664. ISSN 0025-5408

Crewe, Robert John, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Walker, Richard, Shaw, John E. A., Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Rhodes, Jennifer and Garcia-Sorribes, Tamar ORCID: 0000-0001-5540-9995 (2014) Experimental Results of a residential House Fire Test on Tenability: Temperature, Smoke and Gas Analyses. Forensic Science International, 59 (1). pp. 139-154. ISSN 0379-0738

Zong, Ruowen, Zhi, Youran, Yao, Bin, Gao, Jiaxin and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2014) Classification and identification of soot source with principal component analysis and back-propagation neural network. Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 46 (2). pp. 224-233. ISSN 0045-0618

Jiang, Shu-Dong, Bai, Zhi-Man, Tang, Gang, Song, Lei, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Hu, Yuan and Hu, Wei-Zhao (2014) Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica@Co–Al Layered Double Hydroxide Spheres: Layer-by-Layer Method and Their Effects on the Flame Retardancy of Epoxy Resins. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 6 (16). pp. 14076-14086. ISSN 1944-8244

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Readman, Jennifer Elizabeth ORCID: 0000-0002-8170-5533, Blomqvist, P., Gylestam, D., Karlsson, D., Wojtalewicz, D. and Dlugogorski, B.Z. (2013) Analysis of toxic effluents released from PVC carpet under different fire conditions. Chemosphere, 90 (1). pp. 65-71. ISSN 00456535

Purser, J.A., Purser, D.A., Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Moffatt, Colin, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Su, J.Z., Bijloos, M. and Blomqvist, P. (2013) Repeatability and reproducibility of the ISO/TS 19700 steady state tube furnace. Fire Safety Journal, 55 . pp. 22-34.

Blomqvist, Per, McNamee, Margaret Simonson, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Gylestam, Daniel and Karlsson, Daniel (2013) Detailed study of distribution patterns of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and isocyanates under different fire conditions. Fire and Materials, 38 (1). pp. 125-144. ISSN 03080501

Hong, Ningning, Song, Lei, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Wang, Bibo, Pan, Ying and Hu, Yuan (2013) Facile preparation of graphene supported Co3O4 and NiO for reducing fire hazards of polyamide 6 composites. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 142 (2-3). pp. 531-538. ISSN 02540584

Iqbal, H. M. S., Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Patel, Parina, Bhowmik, S. and Benedictus, R. (2013) Study of the fire resistant behavior of unfilled and carbon nanofibers reinforced polybenzimidazole coating for structural applications. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 25 (1). pp. 29-35. ISSN 10427147

Witkowski, Artur ORCID: 0000-0002-0005-7520, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2012) The influence of metal hydroxide fire retardants and nanoclay on the thermal decomposition of EVA. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 97 (11). pp. 2231-2240. ISSN 01413910

Elhissi, Adbelbary, Giebultowicz, Joanna, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Wroczynski, Piotr, Ahmed, Waqar ORCID: 0000-0003-4152-5172, Albed Alhnan, Mohamed, Phoenix, David Andrew and Taylor, Kevin M.G. (2012) Nebulization of ultradeformable liposomes: The influence of aerosolization mechanism and formulation excipients. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 436 (1-2). pp. 519-526. ISSN 03785173

Patel, Parina, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Naffakh, Mohammed, Diez-Pascual, Ana M., Ellis, Gary, Safronava, Natallia and Lyon, Richard E. (2012) Flammability properties of PEEK and carbon nanotube composites. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 97 (12). pp. 2492-2502.

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Fardell, Peter, Blomqvist, Per, Saragoza, Laurent, Guillaume, Eric and Bustamante-Valencia, Lucas (2011) Quantification of fire gases by FTIR: Experimental characterisation of calibration systems. Fire Safety Journal, 46 (5). pp. 225-233. ISSN 03797112

Patel, Parina, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Lyon, Richard E. (2011) Influence of physical properties on polymer flammability in the cone calorimeter. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 22 (7). pp. 1100-1107. ISSN 1042-7147

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2011) Assessment of the fire toxicity of building insulation materials. Energy and Buildings, 43 (2-3). pp. 498-506. ISSN 03787788

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Rhodes, Jennifer (2011) Bench Scale Generation of Smoke Particulates and Hydrocarbons from Burning Polymers. Fire Safety Science, 10 . pp. 629-639. ISSN 1817-4299

Rhodes, Jennifer, Smith, Cameron and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2011) Characterisation of soot particulates from fire retarded and nanocomposite materials, and their toxicological impact. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 96 (3). pp. 277-284. ISSN 01413910

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Rhodes, Jennifer (2011) Smoke and hydrocarbon yields from fire retarded polymer nanocomposites. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 96 (3). pp. 295-300. ISSN 01413910

Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Nazare, Shonali (2009) Fire Retardant Effects of Polymer Nanocomposites. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 9 (7). pp. 4478-4486. ISSN 1533-4880

Wang, De-Yi, Song, Yan-Peng, Wang, Jun-Sheng, Ge, Xin-Guo, Wang, Yu-Zhong, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2009) Double In Situ Approach for the Preparation of Polymer Nanocomposite with Multi-functionality. Nanoscale Research Letters, 4 (4). pp. 303-306. ISSN 1931-7573

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, PURSER, J A and PURSER, D A (2009) Comparison of toxic product yields from bench-scale to ISO room. Fire Safety Journal, 44 (1). pp. 62-70. ISSN 03797112

Wang, De-Yi, Liu, Xue-Qi, Wang, Jun-Sheng, Wang, Yu-Zhong, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2009) Preparation and characterisation of a novel fire retardant PET/α-zirconium phosphate nanocomposite. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 94 (4). pp. 544-549. ISSN 01413910

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Lebek, K., Purser, J. A. and Purser, D. A. (2008) The effect of temperature and ventilation condition on the toxic product yields from burning polymers. Fire and Materials, 32 (1). pp. 49-60. ISSN 03080501

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 and Lebek, K (2008) Characterisation of the steady state tube furnace (ISO TS 19700) for fire toxicity assessment. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 93 (11). pp. 2058-2065. ISSN 01413910

WANG, D, LIU, Y, GE, X, WANG, Y, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, BISWAS, B, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 and PRICE, D (2008) Effect of metal chelates on the ignition and early flaming behaviour of intumescent fire-retarded polyethylene systems. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 93 (5). pp. 1024-1030. ISSN 01413910

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Torero, José L., Carvel, Ricky, Rein, Guillermo, Bourbigot, Serge, Samym, F., Camino, Giovanni, Fina, Alberto et al (2008) Effects of Fire Retardants and Nanofillers on the Fire Toxicity. Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society . p. 342.

Paul, K, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Lebek, K and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2008) Fire smoke toxicity: The effect of nitrogen oxides. Fire Safety Journal, 43 (4). pp. 243-251. ISSN 0379-7112

Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Nazare, Shonali, Wang, De-Yi, Kandola, Baljinder and Price, Dennis (2008) TGA-FTIR Investigation of the Fire Retardant Mechanism of Acrylonitrile Copolymers Containing Nanofillers. Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society, 235 .

Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, LEBEK, K and PRICE, D (2007) Factors affecting the combustion toxicity of polymeric materials. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 92 (12). pp. 2239-2246. ISSN 01413910

Book Section

Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2024) Fire Emissions and Smoke Toxicity. In: Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials. Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials, 3 . CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 412-433. ISBN 9781003380689

Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2016) Chapter 5. Generation, Sampling and Quantification of Toxic Combustion Products. In: Toxicology, Survival and Health Hazards of Combustion Products. Issues in Toxicology (23). Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), Cambridge, pp. 108-138.

Witkowski, Artur ORCID: 0000-0002-0005-7520, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2016) Thermal decomposition of polymeric materials. In: SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering. Springer, pp. 167-254. ISBN 978-1-4939-2564-3

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 and Purser, David (2010) Effect of the Material and Fire Conditions on Toxic Product Yields: Chapter 14. In: Fire toxicity. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge. ISBN 978-1845695026

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2010) Estimation of toxicity during burning of common materials. In: Fire toxicity. Woodhead Publishing, pp. 541-558. ISBN 184569502X

Purser, David, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2010) Fire scenarios and combustion conditions: Chapter 2. In: Fire toxicity. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge. ISBN 978-1845695026

Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2010) An International Standardised Framework for Prediction of Fire Gas Toxicity: Chapter 17. In: Fire toxicity. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge. ISBN 978-1845695026

Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2010) Introduction to fire toxicity, Chapter 1. In: Fire toxicity. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge. ISBN 978-1845695026

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2010) Experimental methods in combustion toxicology. In: Fire Toxicity. Woodhead Publishing, pp. 217-228. ISBN 978-1-84569-502-6

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2009) Fire Toxicity and its Assessment. In: Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials, 2nd Edition. CRC Press, London, pp. 453-477. ISBN 978-1420083996

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Torero, José L., Carvel, Ricky, Rein, Guillermo, Bourbigot, Serge, Samym, F., Camino, Giovanni, Fina, Alberto et al (2009) Effects of Fire Retardants and Nanofillers on the Fire Toxicity. In: Fire and Polymers V. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES, 1013 (1013). American Chemical Society (ACS), Washington, DC, pp. 342-366. ISBN 9780841269880

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2009) The effect of Fire Retardants and Nanofillers on the Fire Toxicity of Four Common Polymers. In: Fire and Polymers V. American Chemical Society (ACS), pp. 342-366. ISBN 9780841269880

Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and May, Adam (2009) Fire retardant mechanism of Acrylonitrile Copolymers containing Nanoclay. In: Fire and Polymers V - materials and concepts for fire retardancy. ACS Symposium Series (1013). American Chemical Society (ACS), Washington, DC, pp. 118-147. ISBN 9780841269880

Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2009) Polymers and Fire. In: Fire Retardancy of Polymers: New Strategies and Mechanisms. Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), Cambridge, pp. 1-14. ISBN 978-0-85404-149-7

Conference or Workshop Item

Girardin, B, Delineau, L, Försth, M, Hewitt, Fiona, Witkowski, Artur ORCID: 0000-0002-0005-7520, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Fontaine, G, Duquesne, S et al (2015) Small scale tests and numerical modeling of fire perfomance for electrical cable. In: 14th International Conference and Exhibition on Fire and Materials 2015, 2 - 4 February 2015, Hyatt Hotel Fisherman's Wharf Hotel; San Francisco; United States. (Unpublished)

Kaczorek, K, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2011) Carbon monoxide generation in fires: effect of temperature on halogenated and aromatic fuels. In: 10th International Symposium on Fire Safety Science.

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2010) Fire Effluent Toxicity: Bench-Scale Generation of Toxic Products. In: 6th International Seminar on Fire and Explosion Hazards, April, 2010, Leeds.

Grewolls, K, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Purser, D.A (2010) Fire Effluent Toxicity: Possibilities and Limitations of Modelling Hazard. In: 6th International Seminar on Fire and Explosion Hazards, April, 2010, Leeds.

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2010) Fire Effluent Toxicity:Yields and effects from common materials under different fire conditions. In: 6th International Seminar on Fire and Explosion Hazards, April, 2010, Leeds.

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Rhodes, Jennifer and Smith, Cameron (2010) Toxicological Aspects of Nanoparticles. In: th International Seminar On Modern Polymeric Materials For Environmental Applications, December 2010, Cracow, Poland.

Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Lebek, K and Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2008) Assessment of fire toxicity - relationship between small and large scale test data. In: 5th International Seminar on Fire and Explosion Hazards, April 2007, University of Edinburgh.

Stec, A A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468, Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Purser, J A, Blomqvist, P and Lebek, K (2008) A Comparison of Toxic Product Yields Obtained From Five Laboratories Using the Steady State Tube Furnace (ISO TS 19700). In: 9th International Symposium on Fire safety Science, 21-26 september 2008, Karlsruhe, Germany.

Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Robinson, James (2008) Development of standards for assessment of fire effluent toxicity and their application to cable installations. In: 57th International Wire and Cable Symposium 2008, 2008, Charlotte, NC.

Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208, Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Paul, K T (2008) Hydrogen Chloride in Fires. In: 9th International Symposium on Fire safety Science, 21-26 september 2008, Karlsruhe, Germany.

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 and Hull, T Richard ORCID: 0000-0002-7970-4208 (2008) Toxic combustion products from fire nanocomposite polymers. In: 5th International Seminar on Fire and Explosion Hazards, April 2007, University of Edinburgh.

Other

Stec, Anna A ORCID: 0000-0002-6861-0468 (2024) S17-03 Fire toxicity – elephant in the room? Elsevier.