A concept analysis of befriending

Abstract

Aim. To report an analysis of the concept of Befriending.
Background. Befriending is an intervention used in a range of nursing, health and
social care settings to provide support for individuals who are socially isolated or
lack social support. However, in many cases befriending and its impact remains
poorly understood and under researched. Concept analysis provides clarification
of the concept and basis for further research and development.
Design. Concept analysis.
Data sources. AMED, Psyc Articles, Psych Info, Medline, MedlinePlus, Social
Science Index and CINHAL databases were searched for literature published
between 1993–2013 using the search term Befriending.
Methods. Walker and Avant’s method of concept analysis was chosen. This
combined with insights from Risjord’s work produced a theoretical concept
analysis which focused on the concept in peer reviewed academic literature.
Results. There are currently several ways the mechanisms of befriending and its
effects on individuals and communities are understood. It is possible however to
identify key attributes which define the concept and differentiate it from related
concepts, such as peer support and mentoring. Key attributes are that it is an
organised intervention, involving the creation of an emotionally connected friendlike
relationship, where there is a negotiation of power.
Conclusion. This concept analysis has clarified current understandings and uses
of befriending. It provides the basis for widening the focus of research into the
effectiveness and impact of befriending on those who are befriended, those who
befriend and the communities where befriending takes place.