Adsorption, Desorption, and Reaction of 1-Octyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate, [C8C1Im][BF4], Ionic Liquid Multilayers on Cu(111)

Abstract

Multilayers of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [C8C1Im][BF4] have been deposited on a Cu(111) surface by evaporation in UHV. XPS shows that [C8C1Im][BF4] adsorbs without decomposition for substrate temperatures < 300 K. XPS and UPS data indicate that ionic liquid (IL) deposition onto a 120 K Cu(111) surface results in the IL forming multilayers by a simultaneous-multilayer growth process. IL deposition onto a room temperature Cu(111) surface results in a different arrangement where at a coverage of one monolayer the IL forms droplets of about 100 Å height covering only about 1/10th of the surface. Multilayers deposited at 120 K convert to the room temperature arrangement upon heating. Further heating above room temperature causes the IL multilayer droplets to desorb leaving an IL monolayer of ≈6 Å thickness at ≈430 K. At higher temperatures, this monolayer reacts with the surface and BF3 is emitted, leaving products containing C, N, and some F on the surface. We propose a surface reaction where [BF4]− ions react to form chemisorbed fluorine (Cu–F) and gaseous BF3, with the remaining [C8C1Im]+ decomposing on the Cu(111) in an unidentified manner.