An investigation into the active sites in co-reactants for carbonless copying paper

Abstract

The work presented in this thesis is a study of certain aspects of the surface chemistry of materials used as co-reactants in carbonless copying paper and of some materials which show promise for such a use. The areas investigated include the ion
exchange characteristics of acid activated clays, the reactivity of a primary dye, Crystal Violet Lactone(CVL), on a range of activated aluminas, an investigation of the Lewis and Brønsted acid characteristics of transition metal ion exchanged clays and the effectiveness of aluminosilicate materials in catalysing inorganic ligand substitution reactions.
Activated aluminas are shown to outperform acid activated clays as developers for CVL, with the effectiveness increasing with activation temperature up to 500°C. In addition, unlike the acid activated clays, no shift in the X., is observed during the fading process.
Pyridine was used as a probe of the acid characteristics of an intact and an acid activated clay exchanged with Al 3 , Cu21 , Ni2 and Cr3 ions., with FTIR, NvR and thermal analysis being used to investigate the adsorbed state. Aluminosilicate materials are shown to be effective catalysts in the ligand substitution reactions of Chromium (III) chloride.