Mental Health and Wellbeing Benefits from a Prisons Horticultural Programme

Abstract

Purpose
In the context of current prison safety and reform this paper discusses findings of an impact evaluation of a horticultural programme delivered in 12 prisons in North West England.
Design
The programme was evaluated using quantitative and qualitative methods, including Green Gym© questionnaires, the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) and Biographic-Narrative Interpretive Method (BNIM) interviews.
Findings
Against a backdrop of high rates of suicide, self-harm and poor mental health, the horticultural programme studied proved beneficial to prisoner participants, the most marked effect was on mental health and wellbeing. In addition to data related to the original mental health outcome indicators, the study revealed multiple layers of ‘added value’ related to mental health arising from horticultural work in a prison setting.
Research limitations
The main research limitations were the limited completion of follow-on questionnaires due to prisoners being released and the inability to conduct longitudinal data collection post-release. There was also concern about response bias and lack of resource to compare with the experience of prisoners not participating in the programme.
Social implications
Positive impacts on prisoners’ mental health and wellbeing included increased confidence, social interactions with staff and other prisoners, and gaining skills and qualifications and work experience, increasing potential for post-release employment.
Originality
Benefits of horticulture work on health are well established. However, to date, there is little research concerning the effects this work may have on mental wellbeing of prisoners both within prisons and more so upon their release back into the community.