Short Pulsed Laser Surface Texturing of Metallic Implants for Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Surface texturing has been paid more attention by researchers for bio-applications due to its major role in controlling the integration of the implanted biomaterials and the surface fouling behaviour. Accurate control over the surface chemistry and physical characteristics significantly influence the interaction between the cells and the material’s surface regarding adhesion and migration. Short pulsed lasers have been widely used in modifying the surface topography and in generating structures ranging from micro-patterns to nanostructures. So far, bacterial and fouling activities and the biocompatibility of the implants’ laser-treated surfaces are not entirely understood. In this chapter, a brief overview of the lasers and techniques utilised in micro- and nano-surface modifications is presented, followed by a detailed discussion of the surface chemistry and topography effect on bacteria aggregation and adhesion. Also, the role of the laser-induced superficial patterns on the response and sensitivity of bio-implants will be explored in depth