Abp-2 and Ppar-Y Genes As Risk Factors For Dyslipidemia In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Residents Of United Arab Emirates

Abstract

Type (II) Diabetes presents a crucial health problem worldwide and raises many other health complications. Dyslipidemia, one of the major risks arising from diabetes, is the abnormal change in levels of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs), or both, or a low high density lipoprotein level that results in the development of atherosclerosis. The present study aims to analyze two genes namely, Fatty Acid Binding Protein 2 (FABP2) and Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) as risk factors for dyslipidemia in the residents of United Arab Emirates. Total of 64 blood samples were collected from 13 different nationalities residing in UAE; fasting plasma glucose test was performed to confirm diabetes. To diagnose dyslipidemia, the total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-c and LDL-c levels were measured. DNA was extracted from the samples and ARMS-PCR and RFLP analyses were performed for PPAR-γ gene and FAPB2 gene respectively, to determine the polymorphisms in each gene. Statistical analysis was performed to analyze the effect of each of the two genes. Fasting Plasma Glucose test was done to differentiate between diabetic and non-diabetic patient samples. 44 were diagnosed with dyslipidemia, out of which 40 were diabetic and 4 were controls. This confirms that the risk of dyslipidemia increases in diabetic patients. The total allele frequency for PPAR mutant was 0.13 with 6 patients having a mutant (Ala/Ala) allele, out of which only 1 of them was diabetic as compared to the total mutant FAPB 2 allele (Thr/Thr) frequency which was 0.44 and 12 patients being mutated for FABP2, out of which 9 were diabetic. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that a polymorphism in the PPARγ-γ gene has no effect on T2DM in the residents of United Arab Emirates. However according to our findings, FABP2 gene polymorphism was shown to be associated with dyslipidemia in diabetic patients. This gene can be considered as a candidate for risk factor for dyslipidemia, especially in diabetic patients and needs further emphasis and further work