Role of Nervous System Inurinary Bladder and Diabetes Mellitus: Review

Abstract

Urinary bladder is a hollow, collapsible, smooth muscular organ shaped like a balloon, which is a part of the urinary system. The walls of urinary bladder consists of four layers namely mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and the serosa. The function of urinary bladder is to relax and store urine during filling and to contract forcefully in order to empty the bladder during micturition. The nervous system monitors and controls almost every movement of urinary bladder through a series of positive and negative feedback loops. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a rampant epidemic worldwide. DM affects more than 285 million people worldwide in 2010 and it estimated that it would affect 439 million by the year 2030. This review focuses on pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for urologic complications of diabetes and emphasizing on recent developments in our understanding of this condition. We also tried to shed some light on molecular biology which takes place during diabetes mellitus urinary bladder complications