Francis, Brian, Humphreys, Leslie ORCID: 0000-0002-3756-4710, Kirby, Stuart and Soothill, Keith (2013) Understanding criminal careers in organised crime. Home Office.
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Abstract
This study examines the criminal histories of offenders who become involved in organised crime. It is based on analysis of administrative data on criminal sanctions (court conviction, or caution / warning / reprimand) held on the Police National Computer (PNC) database. PNC data represents proven offending, which is unlikely to be a true reflection of actual offending behaviour
<br/>Although a wide range of offences were identified indicating a link to organised crime (the ‘inclusion’ offences), the majority (73%) of offenders were selected on the basis of a conviction for a drugs-related offence (principally supply or importation). Around one in ten offenders 4
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